Product Name	Historical uses	Category	Issued
Buckthorn Rhamnus frangula	Cholagogue, galactagogue, hepatic, laxative.	Single product	Dec. 1996 Replaces: N/A

Common Names: Buckthorn, Black Dogwood, Frangula. Parts Used: Berries. Historical Uses: Buckthorn is one of the most common laxatives, particularly in Europe.1 It has been employed extensively in traditional medicine for the treatment of constipation associated with atonic conditions.1 It is said to help restore bowel flora (helpful bacteria) which prevent many contagious illnesses.2 externally, it has been used to treat warts and itching skin. 2 Contraindications: Avoid during pregnancy and in cases of intestinal inflammation or hemorrhoids. Adverse reactions: Avoid excessive and long-term use. Dosage: 10 to 20 drops or more as needed before bedtime. Externally, apply three to four times per day. For warts, take internally and apply externally. References: S. Talalaj & Dr A.S. Czechowicz, Herbal Remedies Harmful and Beneficial Effects, Hill of Content, Melbourne, 1989; Dr. A. B. Howard, Herbal Extracts,1990; Varro E. Tyler, Ph.D., Herbs of Choice The therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals, PPP, NY, 1994. © 2000, Pure Herbs J.B. Ltd All right reserved 1 S.Talalaj & Dr A.S.Czechowicz, Herbal Remedies Harmful and Beneficial Effects,Hill of Content,Melbourne, 1989,p.40 2 Dr. A. B. Howard, Herbal Extracts,1990, p.130.

This information is not intended to substitute medical advice regarding medical problems, diagnosis, treatments or healing of diseases or other physical and mental problems. This work is about historical observations and historical information relating to herbs. It is not the author's intention to establish prescriptions and/or diagnosis. The author and publisher deny responsibility in case of auto-prescription without former authorization of a physician.